英语语法-限定词2
冠词
a 辅音因素开头的名词前， an 元音因素开头的名词前
单数可数名词：不能单独使用，必须用冠词或其他限定词
复数可数名词 or 不可数名词：
（1）不能同冠词连用
（2）复数名词 or 不可数名词
泛指：不用the
Life is hard sometimes
特指：用the
The writer is writing a book about the life of blacks in America.
I love music, poetry and art.
I don’t like the film, but I like the music(of the film)
表示特指的时候，一般会带有后置定语
第一次提到单数可数名词前用不定冠词a/an，再次出现要用定冠词the
谈到对话双方都知道的事物要用the（比如自己房间里的东西）
can you turn off the light, please?
表示世界上独一无二的事物用the
the earth, the sky, the equator, the moon, the world, the universe
做形容词的only、最高级、序数词修饰的名词前+the
the only/best way to cope with the problem.
this is the first time I’ve come to Beijing.
乐器、乐团+the（运动不+the）[play football/chess/tennis]
the Beatles
the Philaadelphia Orchestra
play/learn the guitar learn the piano
独一无二的身份不+the
Henry was elected chairman of the committee
For the first time I am king of myself
限定词彼此互斥，不能同时出现在名词前面
(1)冠词：the an a
(2)物主形容词： my your his her our their
(3)指示形容词： this that these those
(4)名词属格： Tom’s John’s
特殊 名词前省略the
(1)nature : in nature (2)society: in society (3)space: in space
(4)man在泛指整个人类时，不加冠词
(5)history在泛指整个历史时，不加冠词
(6)三餐前不+冠词：have something for breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner
交通工具
若用介词on：+冠词the（on foot 步行不加the）on the train/plane/boat
若不用介词on，如用by时，不加the： by bicycle/boat/bus/car/plane/train/metro
其他固定介词搭配
face to face , arm in arm , hand in hand , shoulder to shoulder , side by side
inch by inch , day after day , dentist after dentist
school/the school
bed, church, court, hospital, prison, school/college/unversity, sea, work, office
当人们去这些地方做在这些地方应该做的事情时，不加冠词，表示抽象概念
当要去这些地方不是要做特定的事，而是由于其他原因，要用the
his mother is in hospital and he has been in the hospital to take care of her.
Bill Blinton came into office in 1992./Bill Clinton came into the office and saw sth.
to church(to pray)
to hospital(as patients)
to/at sea(出海/在海上)
to/at/from(去上班/在上班/下班)
go to sea(as sailors) go to the sea(go to the seaside)
be at sea(as passengers or crew) be at the sea(be at the seaside)
by sea(by ship)
by the sea(by the seaside)
be in office(在任职) be in the office(在办公室里)
be out of office(离职) be out of the office(离开办公室)
泛指的四种表达
1.不带the的不可数名词
I like music
2.不带the的复数可数名词
bananas are yellow I am afraid of dogs
3.the+单数可数名词（也可表示特指）
the whale is the largest mammal on earth
the whale is dead
4.a/an+单数可数名词（也可以表示一个）
I ate a banana this morning
A banana is yellow
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