WORDS 4

31.clash［klæʃ］ vi 打斗，打架 有分歧 激烈竞争 不协调 （时间上）相冲突
Students clashed with police 学生们与警察发生了冲突
clashe over the cuts in defence spending. 在削减国防开支的问题上有冲突 This statement clashes with policy 声明与政策相抵触
n [C] 冲突 分歧 竞争 矛盾 （金属）相碰撞的声音 in clashes with police
There were violent clashes between the police and demonstrators 警察和示威者之间发生了暴力冲突
a clash of opinions 观点分歧

32.grant［ɡrɑːnt］ n [ C ] 拨款，补助金
a student grant 助学金
They gave/awarded her a grant to study abroad for one year. 他们给／授予她一笔奖学金供她出国留学1年。
v [ T ] 同意 授予
They granted her an entry visa. 他们发给她入境签证。
She granted their request/wish. 她答应了他们的请求／满足了他们的愿望。
（让步）承认 I grant that ... I grant you (= it is true that), it's a difficult situation but I feel sure he could have handled it more sensitively. take sth or sb for granted 认为…是理所当然的
granted ：因为 Granted (that) the story's true 因为这件事情是真的

33.bond［bɔnd］ n 纽带 公债； 合同； 保证金； 粘合处
the bond(s) of friendship 友谊的纽带
a close bond between them
In societies with strong family bonds (= relationships), people tend to live longer. 在家庭关系牢固的社会中，人们的寿命往往更长。
I invested some money in savings bonds. 我在储蓄债券上投了一些钱。
enter into a solemn bond 缔结了一项正式契约
a strong/weak/permanent bond 强力粘合／轻微粘合／永久黏合
bonds [ plural ] 捆绑犯人用的）绳索

v [ I or T ]
用胶水）（使）黏合 联合
bond metal to glass. 将金属和玻璃粘在一起
bond the group into a closely knit team. 使整个团体紧密团结在一起。 bond with their babies. 与他们的的宝宝亲近
bondage noun [ U ] 奴役 捆绑式性交
be in bondage to sth 受…的束缚

34.staff［stɑːf］n
[ S, + sing/pl verb ] 全体员工
a good relationship between staff and pupils 学校里教职员工和学生的关系
He is on (= a member of) the editorial staff of the magazine. 他是该杂志的一名编辑人员。
[ C ] 拐杖 旗杆 五线谱 verb [ T ] 成为员工，（为机构）提供人员
Many charity shops in Britain are staffed by/with volunteers. 英国很多慈善商店的工作人员全都是志愿者。
the staff of life 作为主食的）面包
staff officer n [ C ] 参谋
staffing adj 与员工有关的
severe staffing shortages 员工人数严重短缺
Staff room 教师办公室
cause controversy in the staffroom (= among teachers). 在教师中引起了争论

35.intermediate［ˌintəˈmiːdiət］ adj 中间的，居中的
intermediate students of English.
中等程度的英语学习者
intermediary noun [ C ] 调解人，中间人
act as an intermediary between the government and the rebels.
在政府和叛军之间充当调解人

36.guitar［ɡiˈtɑː］吉他 guitarist n [ C ] 吉他手

37.comprehensive［ˌkɔmpriˈhensiv］ adj 全面的；综合的
a comprehensive training 综合培训
a fully comprehensive guide to Rome. 一本内容详尽的罗马旅游指南
comprehend verb [ I or T, not continuous ] 充分理解
comprehend their attitude. 理解他们的态度
comprehend the scale of the problem 意识到问题的严重性
[ + question word ] I'll never comprehend why she did what she did.
[ + that ] I don't think he fully comprehends that she won't be here to help him.
comprehensible adj 可理解的，易于理解的
It's written in comprehensible English 它是用明白易懂的英语写就的
Her writing is barely comprehensible to me. 她的作品我几乎不能理解。
opp incomprehensible
comprehension [ C or U ] 理解力 理解力测试
He has no comprehension of the size of the problem. 他不明白问题有多严重
Be beyond my comprehension(= I cannot understand it).
a listening/reading comprehension 听力／阅读理解
comprehensively adv = completely

38.presence［ˈprezəns］ n 出席 冥冥中有人的存在感 一队警察 仪态
She was overawed by the presence of so many people. 这么多人在场，把她吓坏了。
He's usually quite polite in my presence. 在我面前他通常很有礼貌
in the presence of two witnesses. 有两个证人在场
There was a strong police presence at the demonstration. 在示威现场有大批警力。
stage presence 舞台风度
make one's presence felt 突显自己
presence of mind [ U ] 镇定自若，处变不惊
she had the presence of mind to press the alarm. 她沉着冷静地按下了警报器。

present n [ C ] 礼物
as a present. 作为礼物
the present [ S ] 现在，目前
The play is set in the present. 这出戏以当代为背景。
at present 现在，目前

adj 出席的,目前的
your present occupation and salary
你目前的职业和薪水
present company excepted 在座诸位除外

v [ T ] 赠送 主持播出 介绍
The winners were presented with medals. 获胜者被授予奖牌。
He presented the report to his colleagues at the meeting. 他在会议上向同事们做了报告。
She presents the late-night news. 她主持午夜新闻。
Later on I'd like to present you to the headteacher. 过一会儿我会把你引见给校长。
present one'sself 出现，到场
present itself 出现 present-day attitudes 当今的观点
presentable adj 穿着）像样的 make myself presentable for our guests.
让自己在客人面前看上去像样一点

presentation [ C ] 报告，演讲，陈述 颁发 呈现方式；外貌 presenter n 节目主持人
presentiment 不祥的预感 a presentiment of what might lie ahead. 有种不祥的预感。
syn premonition
presently adv 现在，目前 不久；一会儿

39.appliance［əˈplaiəns］n [ C ] 装置，器械

40.cushion［ˈkuʃən］n [ C ] 垫子
She sank back against/into the cushions. 她向后靠在垫子上。
cushion of air 气垫
verb [ T ] The soft grass cushioned his fall. 柔软的草地减缓了他摔落时的冲力。
cushion the blow 缓解打击
the redundancy money will cushion the blow 遣散费会减轻打击