基本句子结构

subject + intransitive verb: 主 + 不及物动词
Man proposes; God disposes
Modesty benefits; pride hurts
The sun rises and the sun sets. Stars glitter and stars vanish. There are ups and downs in life
常常带有状语
Great minds think alike
The sun sets in the west

Subject + Link Verb + Subject Complement: 主 + 系动词 + 表语（主语补足语）
He looks unhappy
The leaf will trun yellow in autumn
I’ve got to return the book this afternoon; it falls overdue a week
The best proof of love is trust
Bread is the staff of life
介词短语也可以做表语
Beauty is in the eye of the beholder
表示特征状态: feel, look. sound, taste, smell, seem, appear
The iron feels hot.
The rose doesn’t smell much
状态转变: become, grow, get, turn, fall, go, come
Our supplies of sugar and rice fell short
The jokes fell flat
fall asleep
fall due
go hungry go sour go wrong
Hope your dreams will come ture
The leaf will turn yellow in autumn
I’ve got to return the book this afternoon. it falls overdue a week
状态保持: continue, remain, stay, keep, hold, rest, prove
The weather continued fine for several days
He held silent fo the whole day
He has fallen into the habit of doing morning exercises
You may rest assured that he will come to the party
近似不及物动词的系动词
Mr. Bean often acted weird in public
All the audience sat silent
He was born poor
The boy blushed scarlet
I married young
He died young
Jane Austin died a spinster
He died a hero’s death

**Subject \+ \+ Transsitive Verb \+ Object: 主 \+ 谓 \+宾**  
    Beauty will buy no beef  
    I want to go home now  
    I’ve finished reading the book  
    I’ll pick you up this evening  
**Subject \+ Dative Verb \+ Indirect Object \+ Direct Object: 主 \+ 谓 \+ 间接宾语 \+ 直接宾语**  
    He showed the guard this passport  
    I will buy you a meal  
    **1\. assign, award, bring, deliver, deny, feed, give, grant, hand, lend, offer, owe, pass**  
        pass, pay, promise, post, read, recomment, sell, send, show, take, write  
        He showed his passport to the guard  
        He showed the guard his passport  
    **2\. 介词用for: book, buy, build, change, choose, cook, fetch, find, get, keep, make,**   
                           **order, prepare, sing**  
        I am going to buy a gift for her  
        I am going to buy her a gift  
    **3\. 不能用介词: charge, cost, bet**  
        I’ll bet you ten dollars  
        The repairman charged me ten dollars  
       特殊: ask  
                Can I ask you a question?  
                Can I ask a question of you  
**Subject \+ Factitive Verb \+ Object \+ Object Complement**  
    They appointed John chairman  
    I believe him to be true  
    The chairman declared the meeting over  
    They elected John chairman  
    You can leave the door open  
    A hedge between keeps friendship green  
    **双宾语和复合宾语区分:宾语后加上be，若能成完整句子则是补足语**